Alkaline Metals

What is an Alkaline Metal?

- Example of Alkaline Metals are Lithium, sodium and potassium, these metals are highly reactive and form strongly alkaline hydroxides. 

Where are they on the P.Table?

- It is in Group 1 of the periodic table which means it only has one electron.

What Reaction did we do yesterday?

Observations

- As soon as the Alkali metal (Sodium) was dropped in the water, it started smoking, then after a few seconds

we saw fire and after that, it exploded. 

Reactants

- Alkali Metal (Sodium) and Water (H20)

Product

- Sodium Oxide and Hydrogen (Na2O + H2)

Chemical equations

- Na + H2O =Na2O + H2

Why do these metals react this way?

- Alkali Metals are Highly Reactive and the reason for that is because these metals only have one electron in their outer shell.

Neutralisation

Neutralisation

Neutralisation is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. Neutralization occurs when no excess hydrogen or hydroxide ions are present in a solution.

Aim/Objective

- Our aim was to create different ph levels by using a base (sodium hydroxide), acid (hydrochloric acid) and a universal indicator which resulted in different ph levels and different colours.

Methods

- We filled each of the test tubes with a universal indicator, we then put different amounts of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acids to achieve the different ph levels and colours.

Results

- The results were solutions that had different ph levels and different colours according to their level.

Conclusion

- The ph colour represented how acidic or alkali our solutions were after adding the sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid to our test tubes filled with a universal indicator.

Music Through time - Live Aid

Bob Geldof

- Bob Geldof is an Irish singer-songwriter, he was the frontman for the late '70 to mid-'80s Irish punk rock band the Boomtown Rats. Their most famous song was "I don't like Mondays" and the song was written just after a school shooting had happened in a school in San Diego.

Midge Ure

- Midge Ure is a Scottish singer, musician and songwriter. He is a singer involved in several bands and was the frontman for Ultravox. he co-wrote the song "Do they know its Christmas" and it became the second highest-selling single in UK chart history. 

 

"Do they know it's Christmas"

The song is referring to the people of Africa who are living in poverty and is in famine with no food and no other source or way to produce food. This was all around the Christmas season which is why it said in the song that they might not even know that it's Christmas.

Lyrics:

It's Christmas time, there's no need to be afraid

At Christmas time, we let in light and we banish shade

And in our world of plenty, we can spread a smile of joy

Throw your arms around the world at Christmas time

But say a prayer, Pray for the other ones

At Christmas time it's hard, but when you're having fun

There's a world outside your window

And it's a world of dread and fear

Where the only water flowing

Is the bitter sting of tears

And the Christmas bells that ring

There are the clanging chimes of doom

Well tonight thank God it's them instead of you

And there won't be snow in Africa this Christmas time

The greatest gift they'll get this year is life

Where nothing ever grows

No rain nor rivers flow

Do they know it's Christmas time at all?

Here's to you

Raise a glass for everyone

Spare a thought this yuletide for the deprived

If the table was turned would you survive

Here's to them

Underneath that burning sun

You ain't gotta feel guilt just selfless

Give a little help to the helpless

Do they know it's Christmas time at all?

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

Let them know it's Christmas time again

Feed the world

Let them know it's Christmas time again

Feed the world

Let them know it's Christmas time again

Feed the world

Let them know it's Christmas time again

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

Feed the world

(Feed the world)

Feed the world

Feed the world

Music Through Time - Woodstock

 John Lennon's song titled "Give peace a chance" is all about how they were against the war and that people should focus on living in peace and giving love to others.

This song represents what John Lennon thinks about war and how war does not resolve anything, the youth at that time also agreed and have held tons of anti-war protests to present their dislike for the idea of having war instead of just living in peace. 

John Lennon would perform the song "Give peace a chance" with The Plastic Ono Band.

Give peace a chance Lyrics:

Ev'rybody's talking about
Bagism, Shagism, Dragism, Madism, Ragism, Tagism
This-ism, that-ism, is-m, is-m, is-m

All we are saying is give peace a chance
All we are saying is give peace a chance

C'mon
Ev'rybody's talking about Ministers
Sinisters, Banisters and canisters
Bishops and Fishops and Rabbis and Pop eyes
And bye bye, bye byes

All we are saying is give peace a chance
All we are saying is give peace a chance

Let me tell you now
Ev'rybody's talking about
Revolution, evolution, masturbation
Flagellation, regulation, integrations
Meditations, United Nations
Congratulations

All we are saying is give peace a chance
All we are saying is give peace a chance

Ev'rybody's talking about
John and Yoko, Timmy Leary, Rosemary
Tommy Smothers, Bobby Dylan, Tommy Cooper
Derek Taylor, Norman Mailer
Alan Ginsberg, Hare Krishna
Hare, Hare Krishna

All we are saying is give peace a chance
All we are saying is give peace a chance

All we are saying is give peace a chance
All we are saying is give peace a chance

Heating Zinc Oxide

Zinc Oxide Experiment :

 Aim

- What change happens when we heat Zinc Oxide?

Equipment

- Bunsen Burner, Heat Mat, Tripod, Safety Glasses, Crucible, Crucible Holder, and Zinc Oxide.

Results

- When the heat was added, the Zinc Oxide slowly turned yellow and when we turned off the heat, the Zinc Oxide gradually turned to its original white state.

Discussion

- As the Zinc Oxide Gets heated, Oxigen will be reduced which causes the electrons within the Zinc Oxide to move between levels and as a result turning it into a different colour. When heat is then removed, Oxygen will then gradually be added to the Zinc Oxide which will convert it back to its original state. 

Cyber Safety

Cyber Safety/Cyber Security

Cybersecurity is what minimizes crime and harm in the virtual world.

Passwords

- Having a secure password will protect any of your private information but when your password consists of numbers that are up to one to the thousands, computers will easily detect or find what your passwords are in less than a second, this is why most websites that ask for you to make a password to include 8 or more characters and even that is fairly easy for a computer to solve, so it is recommended that using uppercase letters including numbers.  

The Black Death

The black death        

The black death was one of the deadliest plagues ever recorded in history, killing a third of Europe and the same happened in Asia, Africa and other countries. Death usually occurred after a week or two.

The three types of Plague

Bubonic

- The bubonic plague was the most common type of plague. It got its name from the swollen lymph nodes called buboes that typically develops after the first week a person is infected by the disease.

Symptoms

- Buboes situated in the armpit, neck and groin

- Buboes about the size of chicken eggs

- Headaches 

- Fever and vomiting

Pneumonic 

- The pneumonic plague affects the lungs and is the least common type of plague but it is the most dangerous because it can easily spread from person to person just by coughing.

Symptoms

- Cough, with bloody mucus 

- Difficulty breathing

- Nausea and vomiting

- High fever

- Headache

- Weakness

- Chest pain

Septicemic

- Septicemic plague occurs when the plague bacteria or disease enter and multiply in a person's bloodstream

Symptoms 

- Fever and chills

- Extreme weakness

- Abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting

- Bleeding from your mouth, nose or rectum, or under your skin

- Shock

- Blackening and death of tissue